Welcome, students, to science class, where your head will tear in half! LOL
Punnet squares- a graph/model that helps calculate probability of genotypes and phenotypes.
Alleles- the two versions of a single trait (dominant and recessive) each parent gives two alleles.
Genotypes- the alleles in code form (BB, Bb, or bb)
Phenotypes- the personality or phsyical traits that the alleles designate (dominant= brown furred rabbit recessive= white furred rabbit)
Homozygous- two alleles that are both dominant or recessive (bb or BB)
Heterozygous- two alleles that (Bb or bB)
*note: capitalized letters are dominant while lower-case are recessive....... I'm assuming you know what those mean*
Now imagine a square, devided into quarters that are square shaped. On parent's genotype is on the top, while the other is one the left. One allele is located above or beside a quarter square. Each pair of alleles (one from each parent) is a possible combination for the offspring.
A phenotype is determined by the combination of traits (an offspring with BB or homozygous dominant will be purebred brown fur. Another with Bb or bB will be heterozygous, the dominant allele covers up the recessive allele, so the offspring will be brown but not purebred. Finally an offspring with bb will be completely recessive and white furred).
Was that sufficient or mind-blowing?
